Painful Intercourse (Dyspareunia & Vaginismus)

Understanding Painful Intercourse (Dyspareunia & Vaginismus)

Painful intercourse is a common but often overlooked issue that affects many women and couples. Dyspareunia refers to physical pain during or after sexual activity, while vaginismus involves involuntary tightening of vaginal muscles that makes penetration difficult or painful. These conditions can arise due to physical factors, hormonal changes, past trauma, infections, or psychological stress. When left unaddressed, the pain can severely affect intimacy, confidence, and overall relationship satisfaction.